Courts
Judges don't vote on bills, so these pages show other public records: who appointed them, how the Senate voted to confirm them, and, where clean public data exists, how they vote in cases.
U.S. Supreme Court9 justices · case votes, agreement, left–right scoresFederal courts1,453 appeals, district & trade-court judges · who appointed themState supreme courts50 states + D.C. · 335 justices · how they are chosen
U.S. Supreme Court
John G. Roberts, Jr.
Chief Justice
George W. Bush
Took seat Sep 29, 2005
+0.33 MQ (2024)
Clarence Thomas
Associate Justice
George H.W. Bush
Took seat Oct 23, 1991
+3.07 MQ (2024)
Samuel A. Alito, Jr.
Associate Justice
George W. Bush
Took seat Jan 31, 2006
+2.50 MQ (2024)
Sonia Sotomayor
Associate Justice
Barack Obama
Took seat Aug 8, 2009
-4.19 MQ (2024)
Elena Kagan
Associate Justice
Barack Obama
Took seat Aug 7, 2010
-1.84 MQ (2024)
Neil M. Gorsuch
Associate Justice
Donald J. Trump
Took seat Apr 10, 2017
+1.08 MQ (2024)
Brett M. Kavanaugh
Associate Justice
Donald J. Trump
Took seat Oct 6, 2018
+0.55 MQ (2024)
Amy Coney Barrett
Associate Justice
Donald J. Trump
Took seat Oct 27, 2020
+0.52 MQ (2024)
Ketanji Brown Jackson
Associate Justice
Joseph R. Biden
Took seat Jun 30, 2022
-2.81 MQ (2024)